花岗岩的成岩时代、地球化学特征和成因青海祁漫塔格地区虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带     

姚磊  吕志成  于晓飞  庞振山  蔡煜琦  刘鹏  刘长城  王凤兰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(3):743-758

利用 LA ICP MS 锆石 U Pb 法,测得与成矿有关的青海祁漫塔格地区虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带花岗岩的成岩年龄为(233.6±1.8)Ma(MSWD=1.2,n=17)。地球化学特征显示：花岗岩属高钾钙碱性、弱过铝质花岗岩;样品的稀土元素组成以总体右倾,轻、重稀土分异明显和具明显的负铕异常为特征;微量元素具有富集 Rb、Th、U、La、Nd 等大离子亲石元素,亏损 Ba、Sr、Nb、P、Ti 等元素的特点。Sr Nd 同位素组成特征显示,花岗岩的源区可能是富集岩石圈地幔。初步研究认为,虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带花岗岩可能形成于中、晚三叠世碰撞后碰撞的构造背景下。  相似文献   

花岗岩的成岩时代、地球化学特征和成因青海祁漫塔格地区虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带     

姚磊  吕志成  于晓飞  庞振山  蔡煜琦  刘鹏  刘长城  王凤兰 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2015,(3)

利用 LA ICP MS 锆石 U Pb 法,测得与成矿有关的青海祁漫塔格地区虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带花岗岩的成岩年龄为(233.6±1.8)Ma(MSWD=1.2,n=17)。地球化学特征显示：花岗岩属高钾钙碱性、弱过铝质花岗岩;样品的稀土元素组成以总体右倾,轻、重稀土分异明显和具明显的负铕异常为特征;微量元素具有富集 Rb、Th、U、La、Nd 等大离子亲石元素,亏损 Ba、Sr、Nb、P、Ti 等元素的特点。Sr Nd 同位素组成特征显示,花岗岩的源区可能是富集岩石圈地幔。初步研究认为,虎头崖矿床Ⅵ矿带花岗岩可能形成于中、晚三叠世碰撞后碰撞的构造背景下。  相似文献   

西藏羌塘盆地半岛湖地区索瓦组锶同位素组成与演化     

孙伟  陈明  何江林  曹竣锋  王东 《沉积学报》2015,33(2):265-274

西藏羌塘盆地中生代发育广泛的海相碳酸盐地层,前人对该区地层的对比研究多局限于古生物地层学,本文尝试通过锶同位素地层学方法对上侏罗-下白垩统索瓦组地层进行全球对比。根据锶同位素地层学的基本原理,本文在对样品进行显微组构分析、阴极发光分析、Ca、Si、Sr和Mn等元素含量分析及评估其对同期海水代表性和样品溶解过程合理性的基础上,测试了羌塘盆地半岛湖地区上侏罗-下白垩统锶同位素组成,并建立了相应的演化曲线,进行了全球对比研究。结果表明,样品的锶同位素组成与前人已公布的同期海水锶同位素组成数据较为接近,其演化曲线与国际上已公布的锶同位素演化曲线有着较好的可对比性,晚侏罗-早白垩世时期全球海平面的变化和侵蚀作用的强弱是控制锶同位素演化曲线的主要因素。此外,通过对索瓦组海相碳酸盐锶同位素的研究,我们认为索瓦组的顶部可能延伸到早白垩世欧特里夫期,近而说明了羌塘盆地在早白垩世欧特里夫期还存在大规模的海相地层。  相似文献   

西秦岭温泉斑岩钼矿床岩浆-热液演化   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

邱昆峰  宋开瑞  宋耀辉 《岩石学报》2015,31(11):3391-3404

西秦岭北缘广泛出露印支期中酸性侵入岩和相关的斑岩-矽卡岩矿床。温泉矿床位于该矿带东段,是其内已探明规模最大的斑岩钼矿床。温泉矿床发育多阶段热液脉体,黄铁矿作为其中的贯通性金属硫化物,其化学组成蕴含着岩浆-热液演化及金属沉淀过程等诸多信息,对于斑岩系统模型的厘定具有重要意义。温泉矿床热液脉体时序为:钾长石-黑云母-石英脉(A脉)、石英-黄铜矿脉、石英-辉钼矿脉(B脉)和石英-绢云母-黄铁矿脉(D脉)。A脉是斑岩系统岩浆-热液演化的最早期脉体,主要矿物组合为钾长石+黑云母+石英+黄铁矿±磁铁矿±磷灰石±黄铜矿,代表了引起早期基性岩浆矿物被蚀变为黑云母的流体通道;B脉与钾长石化蚀变关系密切,围岩中斜长石斑晶大量被蚀变为钾长石;石英-辉钼矿脉切割所有早期黑云母化-钾化蚀变阶段的石英-硫化物网脉,并形成于所有斑岩侵位之后,少量黄铁矿和黄铜矿共生于辉钼矿裂隙及边部;D脉是斑岩系统岩浆-热液成矿作用的最晚期事件,其主要被黄铁矿和石英及少量黄铜矿填充,发育晚期的绢英岩化和泥化蚀变,长石多发生破坏性蚀变。四个阶段石英网脉中黄铁矿电子探针分析显示,A脉的黄铁矿中Cu、Mo和Au含量均较低,有少量的金属硫化物(黄铁矿+黄铜矿)沉淀,但通常不能形成规模矿体;石英-黄铜矿脉的黄铁矿中Cu含量明显较高,且多与高品位Cu矿体的空间产出位置相一致,可能是斑岩系统伴随钾化蚀变作用主要的铜沉淀阶段;B脉的黄铁矿中Mo含量明显较高,与高品位钼矿体空间产出关系密切,可能代表了斑岩系统钼成矿作用的主要阶段;D脉的黄铁矿中Au含量明显升高,可能代表了金在斑岩系统岩浆-热液成矿作用的最晚期事件中的沉淀。  相似文献   

大兴安岭南段西坡拜仁达坝-维拉斯托矿床成矿流体特征及其演化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

梅微  吕新彪  唐然坤  王祥东  赵严 《地球科学》2015,40(1):145-162

拜仁达坝-维拉斯托矿床是大兴安岭南段西坡最大的2个热液脉型银矿床, 对这两个矿床各阶段矿物(如黑钨矿、浅色闪锌矿、石英和萤石)中的流体包裹体进行研究, 并对硫化物进行了硫同位素分析.结果表明, 拜仁达坝矿床的流体从早阶段到晚阶段(Ⅰ→Ⅱ→Ⅲ)均一温度和盐度逐渐降低.维拉斯托矿床热液成矿期第Ⅰ、Ⅱ成矿阶段具有高温高盐度的流体; 第Ⅲ成矿阶段具有不混溶流体, 即中温中盐度的流体(均一温度为208~294 ℃, 盐度含量为4.65%~12.39%)和高温低盐度的流体(均一温度为333~406 ℃, 盐度含量为3.55%~6.88%); 第Ⅳ成矿阶段具有低温较低盐度的流体.两个矿床的流体包裹体气相成分表明成矿流体均为CO₂-H₂O-NaCl体系.拜仁达坝矿床的均一温度和盐度随着成矿阶段逐渐降低和氢氧同位素证据均表明, 早阶段的流体主要为岩浆水来源, 晚阶段的流体混入了大气降水.维拉斯托矿床氢氧同位素证据和流体中的成分(CH₄/C₂H₆为39.271%~101.438%)均表明其成矿流体主要为岩浆水来源.拜仁达坝-维拉斯托矿床的硫具有深源特征, 拜仁达坝矿床的成矿机制主要与不同来源的成矿流体混合有关; 维拉斯托矿床的成矿机制主要与降温和成矿流体不混溶有关.   相似文献   

秋季东海溶解态和颗粒态氨基酸的分布与组成_*     

张鹏燕  陈岩  杨桂朋 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(2)

本文对2012年秋季中国东海31个站位的海水样品中溶解态氨基酸（THAA）和颗粒态氨基酸（PAA）的分布与组成进行了研究。结果表明：表层海水中溶解游离氨基酸(DFAA)的平均浓度为0.12±0.04 μmol/L (0.06~0.19 μmol/L),溶解结合氨基酸(DCAA)的平均浓度为0.61±0.51 μmol/L (0.15~1.79 μmol/L),PAA的平均浓度为0.11±0.06 μmol/L (0.02~0.27 μmol/L)。THAA的水平分布特点大致为近岸高、远岸低;PAA的水平分布特点是近岸海域向远海海域分布呈现逐渐减小的趋势。THAA的垂直分布特点是由表层向底层逐渐降低。DCAA、PAA与Chl-a有很好的相关性,而DFAA与Chl-a的相关性不明显。东海表层海水中THAA的主要组分是天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、苏氨酸及丙氨酸,PAA的主要组分是天门冬氨酸、谷氨酸、丝氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸及亮氨酸。在表层海水中氨基酸是作为一个整体而对海洋生物地球化学过程产生影响的。  相似文献   

Microbial biomass response to different quantities and sources of organic matter in Brazilian coastal sediments          下载免费PDF全文

Cintia O. Quintana  Paula C. de Moraes  Marcos Y. Yoshinaga  Stuart G. Wakeham  Paulo Y. G. Sumida 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(3):766-779

This study investigates the benthic microbial responses to organic matter (OM) variations in quantity and sources in two shallow water bays (Fortaleza and Ubatuba Bays) on the SE coast of Brazil on six occasions during the year. The pelagic and benthic compartments of the bays were evaluated by: (i) nutrients and chlorophyll a (Chl a) in the water column; (ii) quantity and sources of OM in the sediment (Chl a, total organic carbon and total nitrogen and lipid biomarker composition); and (iii) microbial biomass in sediments as an indicator of active benthic response. Although there were changes in water‐column nutrients during the year, Chl a was fairly constant, suggesting a regular supply of microalgae‐derived OM to the sea bottom. Based on the composition of lipid biomarkers in sediments, OM sources were classified as mostly marine and with high contributions of labile (microalgae‐derived) OM. Labile OM composition varied from diatoms in the summer to phytoflagellates in the winter and tended to accumulate in areas protected by physical disturbances in one of the bays. Microbial biomass followed this trend and was 160% higher in protected than in exposed areas. This study suggests that the coupling between labile OM and benthic microbial biomass occurs primarily in protected areas, irrespective of the time of the year. Since meio‐ and macrofaunal assemblages depend upon secondary microbial production within the sediments, this coupling may have an important role for the benthic food‐web.  相似文献   

Carbon isotopic fractionation by desorption of shale gases     

《Marine and Petroleum Geology》2015

Geochemical studies of shale gas and conventional reservoirs within the Triassic Yanchang Formation of Xiasiwan and Yongning Field, Ordos Basin show that methane is isotopically depleted in ¹³C as compared to δ¹³C₁ calculated by the Ro based on the relationship between δ¹³C₁ and Ro. Geochemical fractionation during the adsorption/desorption process of shale system may play a significant part in influencing δ¹³C₁ values of shale gas. Two shale core samples from confined coring of the Yanchang Formation were adopted segmented desorption experiments to examine this phenomenon. The results show that the δ¹³C₁ of desorbed gas changes little in the first few phases of the experiments at low desorption levels, but become less negative rapidly when the fraction of desorbed methane exceeds 85%. The desorption process for the last 15% fraction of the methane from the shale samples shows a wide variation in δ¹³C₁ from −49‰ to −33.9‰. Moreover, δ¹³C₁ of all desorbed methane from the shale samples is substantially depleted in ¹³C than that calculated by Ro, according to Stahl and Carey's δ¹³C₁–Ro equation for natural gas generated from sapropelic organic matter. This shows some gases with isotopically enriched in ¹³C cannot be desorbed under the temperature and pressure conditions of the desorption experiments. This observation may be the real reason for the δ¹³C₁ of shale gases and conventional reservoirs becomes more negative in Xiasiwan and Yongning Fields, Ordos Basin. The magnitude of the deviation between the δ¹³C₁ of shale gas and that calculated by Ro may be related to the adsorption capacity of shale or the proportion of absorbed gases. In this way, we may be able to evaluate the relative adsorption capacity of shale in geological conditions by δ¹³C₁ of the shale gas, or by δ¹³C₁ of conventional gas which generated by the shale with certainty. The δ¹³C₁ of conventional gas in Dingbian and Yingwang Fields have no deviation because the TOC value of the hydrocarbon source rock is relatively low.  相似文献   

西沙群岛生物碳酸盐的成因和沉积:来自活体仙掌藻的证据   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

许红  赵新伟  Gregor P. Eberli  LIU Xinyu  朱玉瑞  蔡瑛  LUO Wei  闫桂京  张柏林  魏凯  施剑 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(4):62-73

A recent island survey reveals that the Xuande Atoll and the Yongle Atoll in the Xisha Islands can be classified into one of two systems: the depleted atoll system and growth atoll system; the survey also indicates that the decreased area of several shoals is an unbearable burden for the Xisha Islands, of which the largest island area is 2.13 km2 and the minimum elevation is 1.4 m. According to a survey on the ecological characteristics of Halimeda in the Laolongtou breaker zone of Shidao Island in the Xisha Islands, the green and white living Halimeda are collected,the isotopic ages of 14 C contained in the Halimeda are shown to be 27 years and 55 years, respectively, and carbonate mainly occurs in five types, i.e., luster, segment, sand, sand grain, and marl in the formation. The Halimeda segments mainly provide the carbonate sediments of long-term biogenic deposits in the reef environment and the annual productivity per area is 60–100 g/m2; the characteristics of the microstructure of the Halimeda are analyzed, the aragonite raphide carbonate is deposited and enriched in the cortexes, medullas and cysts, and the Halimeda generally contain major elements such as C, O, Ca, Cl, Mg, K, Na, S and Al, and are rich in trace elements such as tellurium(Te), rhodium(Rh) and strontium. It is believed that the Halimeda grow slowly,including the biotic community of reef corals in the reef areas, thus they possess an environmental remediation capacity, but it takes much time to remedy the environment, and it is necessary to make the law to protect the diversity and vulnerability of the Xisha marine ecology, the ecology of the reef community and the island environment in a scientific way. As indicated in the survey, under the background of global warming and sea-level rise, the discovery of large amounts of Halimeda in the Laolongtou sea area is significant for the natural increase of the depleted atoll system of the Xuande Atoll, while the Halimeda segments represent the primary form of the fossil Halimeda, of which the species can be identified and preserved in great numbers under geological conditions. The Miocene was discovered in large amounts in the Xichen-1 well, therefore the study on the characteristics and mechanism of Halimeda carbonate sediments plays a pivotal role in the formation and construction of organic reefs in the South China Sea as well as oil and gas exploration.  相似文献   

Grain size composition and transport of sedimentary organic carbon in the Changjiang River (Yangtze River) Estuary and Hangzhou Bay and their adjacent waters     

ZHANG Weiyan  JIN Haiyan  YAO Xuying  JI Zhongqiang  ZHANG Xiaoyu  YU Xiaoguo  ZHANG Fuyuan  GAO Aigen 《海洋学报(英文版)》2015,34(10):46-56

Surface sediments from the Changjiang River(Yangtze River) Estuary,Hangzhou Bay,and their adjacent waters were analyzed for their grain size distribution,organic carbon(OC) concentration,and stable carbon isotope composition(δ13C).Based on this analysis,about 36 surface sediment samples were selected from various environments and separated into sand(0.250 mm,0.125–0.250 mm,0.063–0.125 mm) and silt(0.025–0.063 mm)fractions by wet-sieving fractionation methods,and further into silt-(0.004–0.025 mm) and clay-sized(0.004mm) fractions by centrifugal fractionation.Sediments of six grain size categories were analyzed for their OC andδ13C contents to explore the grain size composition and transport paths of sedimentary OC in the study area.From fine to coarse fractions,the OC content was 1.18%,0.51%,0.46%,0.42%,0.99%,and 0.48%,respectively,while theδ13C was –21.64‰,–22.03‰,–22.52‰,–22.46‰,–22.36‰,and –22.28‰,respectively.In each size category,the OC contribution was 42.96%,26.06%,9.82%,5.75%,7.09%,and 8.33%,respectively.The OC content in clay and fine silt fractions(0.025 mm) was about 69.02%.High OC concentrations were mainly found in offshore modern sediments in the northeast of the Changjiang River Estuary,in modern sediments in the lower estuary of the Changjiang River and Hangzhou Bay,and in Cyclonic Eddy modern sediments to the southwest of the Cheju Island.Integrating the distribution of terrestrial OC content of each grain size category with the δ13C of the bulk sediment indicated that the terrestrial organic material in the Changjiang River Estuary was transported seaward and dispersed to the Cyclonic Eddy modern sediments to the southwest of the Cheju Island via two pathways:one was a result of the Changjiang River Diluted Water(CDW) northeastward extending branch driven by the North Jiangsu Coastal Current and the Yellow Sea Coastal Current,while the other one was the result of the CDW southward extending branch driven by the Taiwan Warm Current.  相似文献